Prevention

Suicide is complicated and tragic, but it is often preventable. Suicide prevention is a collection of efforts to reduce the risk of suicide. Many suicide prevention strategies have been developed. Effective suicide prevention aproach is comprehensive. Preventing suicide requires strategies at all levels including individuals, families, and communities. Comprehensive public health action to prevent suicide addresses the population at large as well as particularly vulnerable groups, such as young people or those who attempted suicide. Suicide prevention efforts are aimed at reducing factors that increase the risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors; and increasing the protective factors.

Categorization of suicide prevention strategies

Examples of different categories of suicide prevention strategies

Universal prevention strategies

  • Mental health policies

  • Policies to reduce harmful use of alcohol

  • Access to health care

  • Restriction of access to means

  • Responsible media reporting

  • Raising awareness about mental health, substance use disorders and suicide

Selective prevention strategies

  • Interventions for vulnerable groups

  • Gatekeeper training

  • Crisis helplines

Indicated prevention strategies

  • Follow-up and community support

  • Assessment and management of suicidal behaviours

  • Assessment and management of mental and substance use disorders

Good practice examples

This section presents some of the success stories of the policies, plans, programs and other initiatives targeted at suicide prevention from the World Health Organization South East Asia region.